ESSAY: Safety, Quality, & Infomatics

Assessment 3

OVERVIEW

Write 8 pages in which you identify a major patient-safety (CHOOSE A TOPIC YOU ARE KNOWLEDGABLE ABOUT OR PLEASE USE MEDICATION ERRORS) issue within your own organization and use evidence-based best practices and technology to develop a plan to improve the safety issue.

Quality improvement and patient safety are central to the nursing leadership role.

CONTEXT

Central to the nursing leadership role, quality improvement and patient safety are analyzed from many perspectives.  Types of quality improvement and patient safety programs may range from internal, organization-based quality improvement team reports to external benchmarks from The Joint Commission, the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ), MAGNET, and numerous other organizations.

A landmark 2001 publication by the Institute of Medicine (IOM) identified the imperative to focus on quality care and patient safety.  The initiative to create cultures of patient safety and quality care remain at the forefront of the health care leadership landscape. As a future nursing leader, you must understand the components and use of effective tools for successful quality improvement programs within your practice setting.

In this program, you have also examined the application of research and information technology in the nursing profession.  Information systems and patient-care technologies have contributed in many ways to improved patient outcomes; however, safeguards, secure practices, and ethical standards are necessary to promote and support data security, patient confidentiality, and regulatory requirements. You have also investigated the effective use of patient-care technologies, communication systems, and information systems across the health-illness continuum.

REFERENCES

To help you prepare for this assessment, review the resources you used and the assessments you completed in 4006, 4008, and 4016.

(REFERENCES ARE IN APA FORMAT)

4006

ASSESSMENT 1

Agaku, I. T., Adisa, A. O., Ayo-Yusuf, O. A., & Connolly, G. N. (2014). Concern about security and privacy, and             perceived control over collection and use of health information are related to withholding of health             information from healthcare providers. Journal of the American Medical Informatics Association,    374-378.

Bayer, R., Santelli, J., & Klitzman, R. (2015). New challenges for electronic health records: confidentiality and             access to sensitive health information about parents and adolescents. Jama, 313(1), 29-30.

U.S. Department of Education. (n.d.). FERPA general guidelines for students. Retrieved from             http://www2.ed.gov/policy/gen/guid/fpco/ferpa/students.html

U.S. Department of Health & Human Services. (n.d.). Does the HIPAA Privacy Rule allow parents the right to see     their children’s medical records? Retrieved from             http://www.hhs.gov/ocr/privacy/hipaa/faq/right_to_access_medical_records/227.html

World Health Organization. (n.d).  Adolescents:  health risks and solutions.  Retrieved from             http://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/fs345/en/ 

                        ASSESSMENT 2

Aacharya, R. P., Gastmans, C., & Denier, Y. (2011). Emergency department triage: an ethical analysis. BMC Emergency Medicine, 11(1), 16.

Domagala, S. E., & Vets, J. (2015). Emergency nursing triage: keeping it safe. Journal of Emergency Nursing, 41(4), 313-316.

Gilboy, N., Tanabe, P., Travers, D., & Rosenau, A. M. (2012). Emergency Severity Index (ESI): a triage tool for emergency department care, version 4. Implementation Handbook, 12-0014.

Hossein, N., Banaie, M., Seyedhosseini, D., Khazaeipour, Z. (2016). Evaluation of the significance of vital signs in the up-triage of patients visiting emergency department from emergency severity index level 3 to 2. Acta Med Ira,. 6, 366-9.

            ASSESSMENT 3

Adams, J. A., Bailey, D. E., Jr., Anderson, R. A., & Docherty, S. L. (2011). Nursing roles and strategies in end-of-life decision making in acute care: A systematic review of the literature. Nursing Research and Practice, 2011.

Giovanni, L. A. (2012). End-of-life care in the United States: current reality and future promise-a policy review. Nursing Economics, 30(3), 127-135.

Hebert, K., Moore, H., & Rooney, J. (2011). The nurse advocate in end-of-life care. The Ochsner Journal, 11(4), 325-329.

Lewis, K. (2013). How nurses can help ease patient transitions to end of life care. Nursing Older People, 25(8), 22-26.

Lund, S., Richardson, A., & May, C. (2015). Barriers to advance care planning at the end of life: An explanatory systematic review of implementation studies. PLoS One, 10(2).

Myatra, S. N., Salins, N., Iyer, S., Macaden, S. C., Divatia, J. V., Muckaden, M., … & Mani, R. K. (2014). End-of-life care policy: An integrated care plan for the dying: A Joint Position Statement of the Indian Society of Critical Care Medicine (ISCCM) and the Indian Association of Palliative Care (IAPC). Indian journal of critical care medicine: peer-reviewed, official publication of Indian Society of Critical Care Medicine, 18(9), 615.

Norlander, L. (2014). To comfort always: A nurse’s guide to end-of-life care (2nd ed.). Indianapolis, IN: Sigma Theta Tau International.

            ASSESSMENT 4

AnnMarie Papa, D. N. P., Jeanne Venella, D. N. P., & CEN, C. (2013). Workplace violence in healthcare: strategies for advocacy. Online journal of issues in nursing, 18(1), 101.

Blando, J., Ridenour, M., Hartley, D., & Casteel, C. (2015). Barriers to effective implementation of programs for the prevention of workplace violence in hospitals. Online journal of issues in nursing, 20(1).

Bruce, M. D., & Nowlin, W. A. (2011). Workplace violence: Awareness, prevention, and response. Public Personnel Management, 40(4), 293-308.

Cherry, B., & Jacob, S. R. (2016). Contemporary nursing: Issues, trends, & management. Elsevier Health Sciences.

Gillespie, G. L., Gates, D. M., Miller, M., & Howard, P. K. (2010). Workplace violence in healthcare settings: risk factors and protective strategies. Rehabilitation nursing, 35(5), 177-184.

Saltzberg, C. W., & Clark, C. M. (2015). A bold call to action: Mobilizing nurses and employers to prevent and address incivility, bullying, and workplace violence. Am Nurse Today, 10(8), 1.

Shern, D., & Lindstrom, W. (2013). After Newtown: Mental Illness And Violence. Health Affairs, 32(3), 447-450. http://dx.doi.org/10.1377/hlthaff.2013.0085

4008

ASSESSMENT 1

Azaare, J., & Gross, J. (2011). The nature of leadership style in nursing management. British Journal of Nursing, 20(11).

Cherry, B., & Jacob, S. R. (2016). Contemporary nursing: Issues, trends, & management. Elsevier Health Sciences.

Maupin, T. (2016). An analysis on the prices of French wines and on a business plan of creating a wine app.

Mitchell, G. (2013). Selecting the best theory to implement planned change: Improving the workplace requires staff to be involved and innovations to be maintained. Gary Mitchell discusses the theories that can help achieve this. Nursing Management, 20(1), 32-37.

Winkler, M. R., & Marshall, E. S. (2016). Creating and Shaping the Organizational Environment and Culture to Support Practice Excellence. Transformational Leadership in Nursing: From Expert Clinician to Influential Leader, 247.

ASSESSMENT 2

Dolansky, M. A., & Moore, S. M. (2013). Quality and safety education for nurses (QSEN): The key is systems thinking. Online Journal of Issues in Nursing, 18(3), 71–80

Gregory, K. E., & Radovinsky, L. (2012). Research strategies that result in optimal data collection from the patient medical record. Applied Nursing Research, 25(2), 108-116

Pearson, K. B., & Coburn, A. F. (2012). Evidence-based falls prevention in critical access hospitals. Retrieved from http://www.une.edu/sites/default/files/PolicyBrief24_Falls-Prevention.pdf

Squires, M., Tourangeau, A., Laschinger, H. K. S., & Doran, D. (2010). The link between leadership and safety outcomes in hospitals. Journal of Nursing Management, 18(8), 914–925

ASSESSMENT 3

Banister, G., & Winfrey, M. E. (2012). Enhancing diversity in nursing: A partnership approach. The Journal of Nursing Administration, 42(3), 176–181.

Suominen, T., Härkönen, E., Rankinen, S., Kuokkanen, L., Kukkurainen, M., & Doran, D. (2011). Perceived organizational change and its connection to the work-related empowerment. Nordic Journal of Nursing Research and Clinical Studies, 31(1), 4–9.

Wong, C.  (2013).  The Relationship Between Nursing Leadership and Patient Outcomes:  A

Systematic Review Update.  Taiwan:  Journal of Nursing Management.

ASSESSMENT 4

Bartsch, S., Gorham, K., & Lee, B. (2015). The cost of an Ebola case. Pathogens And Global Health, 109(1), 4-9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1179/2047773214y.0000000169

Sun, L. (2014). Cost to treat Ebola in the U.S.: $1.16 million for 2 patients. Washington Post. Retrieved 17 June 2017, from https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/post-nation/wp/2014/11/18/cost-to-treat-ebola-in-the-u-s-1-16-million-for-2-patients/?utm_term=.b7b8014fc220

Grossman, S. C. & Valiga, T. M. (2013). New leadership challenge: Creating the future of nursing (4th ed.). Philadelphia, PA: F. A. Davis.

PBS News Hour. (2015). Missionary recounts Ebola fight as both doctor and patient. PBS NewsHour. Retrieved 17 June 2017, from http://www.pbs.org/newshour/bb/missionary-recounts-ebola-fight-doctor-patient/

Roberts, R. (2017). 10-year-old girl used in suicide bomb attack on New Year’s Eve. The Independent. Retrieved 17 June 2017, from http://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/africa/girl-suicide-bomber-aged-around-ten-seriously-injures-one-person-in-new-years-eve-attack-a7504596.html

Okonta, P. (2014). Ethics of clinical trials in Nigeria. Nigerian Medical Journal, 55(3), 188. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/0300-1652.132035

Gershon, R., Dernehl, L., Nwankwo, E., Zhi, Q., & Qureshi, K. (2016). Experiences and Psychosocial Impact of West Africa Ebola Deployment on US Health Care Volunteers. Plos Currents. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/currents.outbreaks.c7afaae124e35d2da39ee7e07291b6b5

Bauer, I. (2017). More harm than good? The questionable ethics of medical volunteering and international student placements. Tropical Diseases, Travel Medicine And Vaccines, 3(1). http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s40794-017-0048-y

4016

ASSESSMENT 1

De Felice, F. G., & Ferreira, S. T. (2014). Inflammation, defective insulin signaling, and mitochondrial dysfunction as common molecular denominators connecting type 2 diabetes to Alzheimer disease. Diabetes, DB_131954.

Inzucchi, S. E., Bergenstal, R. M., Buse, J. B., Diamant, M., Ferrannini, E., Nauck, M., … & Matthews, D. R. (2015). Management of hyperglycemia in type 2 diabetes, 2015: a patient-centered approach: update to a position statement of the American Diabetes Association and the European Association for the Study of Diabetes. Diabetes care, 38(1), 140-149.

Nolan, C. J., Ruderman, N. B., Kahn, S. E., Pedersen, O., & Prentki, M. (2015). Insulin resistance as a physiological defense against metabolic stress: implications for the management of subsets of type 2 diabetes. Diabetes, 64(3), 673-686.

ASSESSMENT 2

Cadwell, S., & Hohenhaus, S. (2011). Medication Errors and Secondary Victims. Journal Of Emergency Nursing, 37(6), 562-563. doi: 10.1016/j.jen.2011.07.010

Chen, M., Wu, M., Chen, C., Chen, C., Fang, Y., & Bair, M. et al. (2017). Impact of amoxicillin resistance on the efficacy of amoxicillin-containing regimens for Helicobacter pylori eradication: analysis of five randomized trials. Journal Of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy, 72(12), 3481-3489. doi: 10.1093/jac/dkx320

Cleary-Holdforth, J., & Leufer, T. (2013). The strategic role of education in the prevention of medication errors in nursing: Part 2. Retrieved from http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.nepr.2013.01.012

MedicineNet. (2018). Amoxicillin Suspension – Oral (Amoxil) side effects, medical uses, and drug interactions. Retrieved from https://www.medicinenet.com/amoxicillin_suspension-oral/article.htm

ASSESSMENT 3

Hacker, K., Anies, M., Folb, B. L., & Zallman, L. (2015). Barriers to health care for undocumented immigrants: a literature review. Risk management and healthcare policy, 8, 175.

Hummer, R. A., & Hayward, M. D. (2015). Hispanic older adult health & longevity in the United States: Current patterns & concerns for the future. Daedalus, 144(2), 20-30.

Raymond-Flesch, M., Siemons, R., Pourat, N., Jacobs, K., & Brindis, C. D. (2014). There is no help out there and if there is, it’s really hard to find”: A qualitative study of the health concerns and health care access of Latino “DREAMers. Journal of Adolescent Health, 55(3), 323-328.

ASSESSMENT 4

Bradford, A. C., & Bradford, W. D. (2016). Medical marijuana laws reduce prescription medication use in Medicare Part D. Health Affairs, 35(7), 1230-1236

Connolly, B. S., & Lang, A. E. (2014). Pharmacological treatment of Parkinson disease: a review. Jama, 311(16), 1670-1683.

Hill, K. P. (2015). Medical marijuana for treatment of chronic pain and other medical and psychiatric problems: a clinical review. Jama, 313(24), 2474-2483.

Koppel, B. S., Brust, J. C., Fife, T., Bronstein, J., Youssof, S., Gronseth, G., & Gloss, D. (2014). Systematic review: Efficacy and safety of medical marijuana in selected neurologic disorders Report of the Guideline Development Subcommittee of the American Academy of Neurology. Neurology, 82(17), 1556-1563.

INSTRUCTIONS

Preparation

As you prepare for this assessment, complete the following:

Before you begin, 1. examine your organization’s history of safety in a specific area and how your organization addresses patient safety issues. If possible, consult with a key stakeholder in the organization (such as an administrator) to better understand specific patient-safety concerns and how the organization is working to resolve the concerns. This person should also be able to discuss some of the organizational barriers impacting the patient safety issue.

Next, 2. look at the basic concepts, principles, and practices that contribute to organizational quality improvement and patient safety. Review the literature for best practices and how technology might be used to improve the issue.

Finally, 3. be sure to consider the legal and ethical implications associated with the safety issue, as well as possible organizational barriers to change.

Directions

As you construct this assessment, address each point as completely as possible:

1. Describe a patient-safety issue within your organization, comparing the way your organization addresses the issue with the concepts, principles, and practices that contribute to quality improvement and patient safety.

2. Analyze the legal and ethical consequences of not addressing the issue.

3. Recommend evidence-based interventions, including technology, to address the patient-safety issue.

4. Describe strategies to overcome specific organizational barriers to change, based on your knowledge of the organization.

Additional Requirements

Format: Include a title page and reference page.  Use APA style and formatting.

Length: Ensure your completed assessment is 8 pages in length, not including the title page and reference page.

References: Cite at least five current scholarly or professional resources.

Font: Use double-spaced, 12-point, Times New Roman font.

SCORING GUIDE (WHAT THE PROFESSOR IS LOOKING FOR GRADING PURPOSES)

1. Describes a patient-safety issue and explores likely causes of the issue while evaluating currently used organizational processes for handling patient safety issues in terms of the evidence-based concepts, principles, and practices that contribute to quality improvement and patient safety.

2. Analyzes the legal and ethical consequences of not addressing patient-safety issues and describes the impact on the organization from a financial and regulatory perspective.

3. Evaluates evidence-based interventions, including technology, to address specific patient-safety issues to determine the most appropriate intervention for the organization and the safety issue.

4. Analyzes the most effective strategies to overcome specific organizational barriers to change.

5. Writing is coherent, using evidence to support a central idea in a consistently appropriate APA format, with correct grammar, usage, and mechanics as expected of a nursing professional.

ANSWER

Safety, Quality, and Informatics

Healthcare facilities are designed to address health problems for individuals by making them feel better and healthy. Various factors affect the outcome and healing process. When these factors are not worked on in a right manner chances are that the result of the treatment process may affect the safety of the patient (Makary & Daniel, 2016). The most common issues arise from healthcare-associated infections. Antibiotic resistance and adverse reaction with the patient’s body can also temper with safety. Personal protective tools protocol, hygiene, information technology systems, medical errors, care transition process, and workforce safety can also affect the outcome and safety of patients during and after treatment (Radley et al., 2013). The primary purpose of this paper is to discuss medication errors as the fundamental patient safety issue, its possible causes, effects and the processes applied in the attempt to solve the problem.

Medication Errors

Medication errors are preventable events in the healthcare provision processes that may cause inappropriate medication use while the drugs are under the control of a healthcare practitioner or the patients. Generally, medication errors result from the failure to use evidence-based treatment procedures, which in return affects patient safety. Other common causes common includes poor communication between healthcare professionals and patients, medical abbreviations, and drug names that sound or look alike (Makary & Daniel, 2016). Medication errors can be classified into different categories depending on the on the stages they occur in the medication use cycle. The steps include prescribing, dispensing and drug administration to the patient.

Prescribing errors emerge with the incorrect drug selection for treatment of a particular health issue. The wrong choice leads to incorrect dosage and quality. Prescribing errors are commonly caused by lack of enough knowledge about the prescribed medicine and inaccurate patient information.

Dispensing errors occur during the process of delivering the medication to the patient from the receipt of the prescription. The error arises when the medication prescribed is not the one administered. It can be tempered with by wrong information systems, contaminations and drug mix up during the delivery process. Administrative errors happen when discrepancy occurs between medication administered to the patient and the drug therapy intended by the healthcare provider (Makary & Daniel, 2016). The error arises because of the incorrect drug intake techniques and omission of administration. The correct medicine can be taken but will not play its useful function because of the incorrect timing of the medication process.

Causes of Medication Errors Medication errors emerge as a result of distraction during the treatment process, patient overpopulation, lack of sufficient knowledge and understanding about an illness, incomplete information about a patient’s condition and systematic problem. Distractions affect the ability of medical practitioners to make the right decisions about the treatment procedures. It may lead to confusion between two drugs that may have names that looks similar. A medical practitioner may, therefore, end up administering the wrong medication which may adversely harm the patient (Makary & Daniel, 2016). Patient overpopulation is also a leading contributor to medical errors since it gives healthcare providers pressure to perform. In an attempt to handle cases of a large number of patients in a limited period…