KLP1Task 2 0 Community Outbreak

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C228 task 2 Measles
topic- measles
Course
Community Health (C228 Task 2)
174 Documents
University
Western Governors University
Academic year: 2022/2023
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Anonymous Student
Bishop State Community College
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1

Task 2 C

Nicole Langley College of Health Professions, Western Governors University Erica Blumenstock 02/21/

B. Measles

According to the World Health Organization (2022), Measles, also known as Rubeola, is a highly

contagious viral disease. This virus affects children, with more than 95% of deaths occurring in

countries with weak health infrastructures. Aside from death the most serious complications can

include blindness, encephalitis, severe diarrhea, and dehydration as well as respiratory infections.

(W.H 2022). One of the first known cases of the measles was published by a Persian Doctor in

the 9th Century. By 1912 Measles was declared a nationally notifiable disease in the United

States, which required all cases to be reported. With an estimated three to four million infected

each year a measles vaccine was created in 1963, with a weaker version created in 1968 this

would become the only measles vaccine to be used in the country since. The CDC had high

hopes of eradicating the disease by 1989, and while this goal was not met the United States

declared to have eliminated measles in 2000 (W.H 2022)

Although the United States had eradicated the measles, there was an outbreak in 2014, and a

more significant one again in 2019, where over 1,000 cases across 31 states were reported (CDC

2022). According to the Washington Department of Health one of the outbreaks in 2019 was

reported in Clark County, Washington after a child tested positive that had traveled to the area

from Ukraine. However, they also state that they could not confirm that this was ultimately the

source of the outbreak. During the course of the outbreak, it is reported that 93% of cases were

children between the ages of one to eighteen years old, and also included others who were not

immunized.

the most at risk for this disease, although adults can get and spread it as well. The hospitals could

be overwhelmed with the increased patient loads. Since the United States requires this vaccine

for all elementary age children the outbreak should be rather contained, minimizing these effects.

There are also many schools in our area, so implementing their procedures would be

crucial in keeping the outbreak under control, much like they have done with covid19. If we

weren’t already experiencing a pandemic, I would say that PPE wouldn’t be an issue, but it also

could be affected by a measles outbreak further putting a strain on the healthcare facilities.

B4 Reporting Protocol

In the state of Alabama, measles is considered a 24-hour “presumptive” disease, which means it

must be reported within 24 hours. There is also a form that can be found on the Alabama

Department of Public Health website that needs to be filled out to obtain authorization for

testing, when approved a serum and swab must be collected. If the tests confirm measles, it

would then be reported to the CDC.

B5 Recommended Strategies

If there was an outbreak in my community one of the recommendations I would make is isolation

(quarantine) of the affected person and anyone that has had close contact with that person. I

would also encourage sanitizing any rooms or buildings that the affected person has visited

recently. While in the home I would suggest the families sanitize often since the disease can live

up to two hours in air space, hand washing and covering your mouth and nose when coughing

and sneezing will be crucial in keeping the disease spread at a minimum. The last

recommendation is encouraging all unvaccinated persons to get the vaccine, to include young

children and pregnant woman since they are at the highest risk of contracting the virus.

References

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2021, November 19). Measles cases and outbreaks. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Retrieved February 22, 2022, from cdc/measles/cases-outbreaks.html

Investigations and cases. Investigations and Cases | Alabama Department of Public Health (ADPH). (2021, December 14). Retrieved February 22, 2022, from alabamapublichealth/immunization/cases.html

Measles investigation. Clark County. (2019, April 29). Retrieved February 23, 2022, from clark.wa/public-health/measles-investigation

World Health Organization. (2019, December 5). Measles. World Health Organization. Retrieved February 22, 2022, from who/health-topics/measles#tab=tab_

World Health Organization. (n.). Measles – European region. World Health Organization. Retrieved February 23, 2022, from who/emergencies/disease-outbreak- news/item/2019-DON
Task 2 C228
Nicole Langley
College of Health Professions, Western Governors University