ESSAY: Pharmaceutical Treatment Plan

Select a disease or condition. For example, sepsis, CAD, HCAP, HAP, hypertension, CHF, atrial fibrillation, depression, Parkinson’s disease, hyperlipidemia, COPD, asthma, and febrile neutropenia.

Write a 750-1,000 word paper discussing prescription and nonprescription medications/therapies for the treatment of the disease.

Discuss monitoring and identify significant adverse effects and drug-drug interactions, as well as desired outcomes of the pharmacological agents used in the treatment of the disease.

Determine an appropriate pharmaceutical treatment plan for the disease or condition.

Incorporate considerations for various populations (geriatrics, pediatrics) depending on the disease you have selected.

ANSWER

Hypertension

 Hypertension is a medical condition characterized by elevated blood pressure. It is a significant contributor to cardiovascular diseases. When the health problem is controlled, it drastically reduces the risk of congestive heart failure, coronary artery disease, renal disease, stroke and overall mortality. A low blood sugar level continuously increases the risk of developing hypertension-related complications. Empirical data shows that about 28% of the US population is affected by the medical condition (Nguyen et al. 2019). More surprisingly, in a majority of patients, high blood pressure is inadequately treated despite its associated inherent health risks. Globally, the pervasive disease affects 1 billion people and the trajectory in 2025 projects 1.5 billion people affected by the disease.

Types and Prevalence of Hypertension

Usually, hypertension develops progressively over the years. However, the symptoms are sporadic to notice though there is damage to the blood vessels and organs. Uncontrolled elevated blood pressure increases the risks of heart diseases. The two types of hypertension are primary and secondary hypertension (Reynolds et al. 2019). Essential hypertension entails unidentifiable blood pressure which gradually develops to hypertension over the years. This type is most common in adults. An underlying health condition causes secondary hypertension. The various states and medications can be kidney problems, thyroid problems, obstructive sleep apnea and illegal substances such as amphetamines and cocaine. High blood pressure risk factors are obese, smoking and age. The risk of hypertension increases with age. Men are more likely to develop high blood pressure after 64 years while women after 65 years. The relevance of obesity and hypertension is expanding globally. The high prevalence of obesity results in the progression of hypertension and other cardiovascular diseases (Narkiewicz, 2015). Growing evidence suggests that renal complications emanating from obesity and associated metabolic abnormalities induces and accelerates hypertension.

Hypertension Diagnosis Hypertension screening is highly recommended for adults of 18 years old and above. The diagnosis mainly involves accurate measurement of the blood pressure. Additionally, the medical assessment determines the presence of organ damage, cardiovascular diseases such as diabetes and personal lifestyle. A repeated blood pressure measurement is preferred for diagnosis and treatment since blood pressure is highly variable. Ambulatory blood pressure monitoring (ABPM) is the most effective when confirming a hypertension diagnosis…